Siliconevs. Pulasitiki: Kodi Kusiyana Ndi Chiyani & Kodi Imodzi Yotetezeka Kwambiri?

Wolemba Chantal Plamondon

Ma Silicones akhala otchuka kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa ndipo akugulitsidwa ngati malo otetezeka apulasitiki achikhalidwe. Mutha kupeza zinthuzo mu nsonga zamabotolo a ana, ziwiya, zoseweretsa, makapu, zotengera chakudya, zodzoladzola, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosamalira anthu, ndi zina zambiri. Muzinthu zambiri zamafakitale, silikoni imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakutchinjiriza, zosindikizira, zomatira, zopaka mafuta, gaskets, zosefera, ntchito zachipatala (mwachitsanzo, machubu), ndi posungira zinthu zamagetsi.

Kodi silicone pulasitiki?

Silicone—kapena siloxanes, monga amadziwikanso—ndi chinthu chosakanikirana pakati pa mphira wopangira ndi ma polima apulasitiki opangidwa. Zitha kukhala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndikuzipanga kupanga mphira wonyezimira ngati zinthu, pulasitiki yolimba ngati utomoni, ndi zamadzimadzi zokhuthala.

Siliconeili ndi pulasitiki ngati katundu: kusinthasintha, kusinthika, kumveka bwino, kukana kutentha, komanso kukana madzi. Mofanana ndi pulasitiki, amatha kupangidwa kapena kupangidwa ndi kufewetsa kapena kuumitsa kukhala chilichonse. Popeza ndi osavuta kuyeretsa, osamata, komanso osadetsa, ndi otchuka paziwiya zophikira ndi zakukhitchini, nawonso.

Ndiye kodi silicone ndi chiyani kwenikweni? Ndipo ndizosiyana ndi silicone?

Mofanana ndi polima iliyonse yapulasitiki, silikoni ndi yopangidwa ndipo imaphatikizapo kusakaniza kwa mankhwala. Chosiyanitsa chachikulu ndi mapulasitiki opangidwa ndi kaboni ndikuti silikoni ili ndi msana wopangidwa ndi silicon. Ndikudziwa, kusokoneza! Ndikofunikira kuti tipeze mawuwa pompano, tiyeni tilowe mkati:

Silika:

Anthu akamanena kuti silikoni amapangidwa ndi mchenga, sizolakwika, ngakhale kuti ndi kutanthauzira kosavuta. Silika—kapena silicon dioxide—ndi zomwe akutanthauza. Silika ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga utomoni wa silicone. Mchenga wa m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi silika weniweni, monganso quartz.

Silikoni:

Ichi ndiye chinthu choyambira chomwe chimapanga silika, koma silicon sapezeka mwachilengedwe mwanjira iyi. Amapangidwa ndi kutentha silika pa kutentha kwambiri ndi carbon mu ng'anjo mafakitale.

Silicone(Siloxane):

Siliconeimayendetsedwa ndi ma hydrocarbons opangidwa ndi mafuta kuti apangesiloxane monomers zomwe zimalumikizidwa pamodzi kukhala ma polima kuti apange utomoni womaliza wa silikoni. Ubwino wa silicones uwu ukhoza kusiyana kwambiri malinga ndi msinkhu wa kuyeretsedwa. Mwachitsanzo, ma silicones omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tchipisi ta pakompyuta ndi oyeretsedwa kwambiri.

Kodi silikoni ndi poizoni?

Ngakhale kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti silikoni ndi yokhazikika kwambiri, sikuti imangokhala ine. M'mawu ena, pali kuthekera kwa leaching. Mwachitsanzo,phunziro limodziadayesa kutulutsidwa kwa siloxanes kuchokera ku nsonga zamabele za silikoni ndi zophika mumkaka, mkaka wa ana, ndi yankho la mowa ndi madzi. Palibe chomwe chinatulutsidwa mu mkaka kapena mkaka pambuyo pa maola asanu ndi limodzi, koma pambuyo pa maola 72 mu njira ya mowa, ma siloxane angapo adapezeka. Siloxanes amaganiziridwazosokoneza za endocrine, ndipo ena akhala akudwala khansa.

Akatswiri ambiri ndi maulamuliro amawona kuti silicone ndi yopanda poizoni komanso yotetezeka kukhudzana ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa. Mwachitsanzo,Health Canada akuti: "Palibe zoopsa zomwe zimadziwika ndi thanzi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zophikira za silikoni. Rabara ya silikoni sagwirizana ndi chakudya kapena zakumwa, kapena kutulutsa utsi uliwonse woopsa."

Ngakhale kuti umboni wa sayansi ndi wofooka poloza mfuti yosuta pa silicone, mafunso ndi kusatsimikizika kulipo, choncho ndi bwino kuwayang'anitsitsa - makamaka chifukwa cha nkhawa yomwe ikukula yokhudzana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo a endocrine. Siloxanes amapezekanso pamtunda, mpweya, ndi madzi, ndipo chifukwa cha kulimba kwawo, amakonda kulimbikira m'chilengedwe.nthawi yayitali.

Recyclability wa silikoni.

Siliconeimayambitsa chiwopsezo cha chilengedwe chifukwa nthawi zambiri imasinthidwanso. Ngakhale zinthu za silicone zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa ndimakampani apadera obwezeretsansozomwe nthawi zambiri zimazitsitsa kukhala mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta opangira makina am'mafakitale, savomerezedwa kawirikawiri m'mapulogalamu obwezeretsanso m'mphepete mwa makoma. Chifukwa chake, monga mapulasitiki, sikoyenera kokha kuti silikoni ingokhala pansi-njinga, koma zambiri zimangothera kumalo otayirako kumene sizidzawonongeka kwazaka mazana ambiri.

Malangizo ena ogwiritsa ntchitosilikoni bwino.

00001. Siliconeiyenera kukhala yapamwamba kwambiri, makamaka "kalasi yachipatala" koma osachepera "kalasi ya chakudya." (Ngati giredi silinatchulidwe, funsani kampani yomwe ikugulitsayo).

00002. Mutha kuyesa chinthu cha silikoni cha zodzaza mankhwala potsina ndi kupotoza pamwamba pake kuti muwone ngati pali choyera. Ngati muwona zoyera, chodzaza mwina chagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa silikoni yoyera sayenera kusintha mtundu konse. Ngati ili ndi zodzaza, mankhwalawo sangakhale ofanana ndi kutentha ndipo angapereke fungo ku chakudya. Koma chofunika kwambiri, simudzadziwa kuti chodzazacho ndi chiyani, ndipo chikhoza kutulutsa mankhwala osadziwika mu chakudya. Pazonse zomwe mukudziwa, chodzazacho chikhoza kukhala silikoni yamtundu wotsika kapena osati silikoni konse.

00003. nsonga zamabotolo ndi pacifiers ziyenera kukhala zotetezeka, koma ndibwino kuti musaziike mu chotsukira mbale, ndipo ngati zitachita mitambo kapena zatha, zisintheni (moyenera, ziyenera kusinthidwa masabata asanu ndi limodzi kapena asanu ndi atatu aliwonse). Labala wachilengedwe ndi njira ina, bola ngati mwana wanu alibe ziwengo ku latex yachilengedwe ya rabara.

00004. Zophikira, magalasi, ceramic, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zina zabwino m'malo mwa silikoni (ngakhale silikoni ingakhale yotetezeka m'malo mwa zophikira zopanda ndodo zomwe zingakhale ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi perfluorinated).

00005. Zinthu monga zitsulo za silicone, ziwiya (spatulas, spoons), splatter guards, ndi potholders ziyenera kukhala zabwino chifukwa cha nthawi yochepa yomwe amakumana ndi chakudya. Koma kachiwiri, zipeweni kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji chakudya ngati n'kotheka.